jj/docs/github.md

Using Jujutsu with GitHub and GitLab Projects

This guide assumes a basic understanding of either Git or Mercurial.

Set up an SSH key

As of October 2023 it's recommended to set up an SSH key to work with GitHub projects. See GitHub's Tutorial. This restriction may be lifted in the future, see issue #469 for more information and progress on authenticated HTTP.

Basic workflow

The simplest way to start with Jujutsu is to create a stack of commits first. You will only need to create a branch when you need to push the stack to a remote. There are two primary workflows: using a generated branch name or naming a branch.

Using a generated branch name

In this example we're letting Jujutsu auto-create a branch.

# Start a new commit off of the default branch.
$ jj new main
# Refactor some files, then add a description and start a new commit
$ jj commit -m 'refactor(foo): restructure foo()'
# Add a feature, then add a description and start a new commit
$ jj commit -m 'feat(bar): add support for bar'
# Let Jujutsu generate a branch name and push that to GitHub. Note that we
# push the working-copy commit's *parent* because the working-copy commit
# itself is empty.
$ jj git push -c @-

Using a named branch

In this example, we create a branch named bar and then push it to the remote.

# Start a new commit off of the default branch.
$ jj new main
# Refactor some files, then add a description and start a new commit
$ jj commit -m 'refactor(foo): restructure foo()'
# Add a feature, then add a description and start a new commit
$ jj commit -m 'feat(bar): add support for bar'
# Create a branch so we can push it to GitHub. Note that we created the branch
# on the working-copy commit's *parent* because the working copy itself is empty.
$ jj branch create bar -r @- # `bar` now contains the previous two commits.
# Push the branch to GitHub (pushes only `bar`)
$ jj git push

While it's possible to create a branch in advance and commit on top of it in a Git-like manner, you will then need to move the branch manually when you create a new commits. Unlike Git, Jujutsu will not do it automatically.

Updating the repository

As of October 2023, Jujutsu has no equivalent to a git pull command (see issue #1039). Until such a command is added, you need to use jj git fetch followed by a jj rebase -d $main_branch to update your changes.

Working in a Git co-located repository

After doing jj git init --colocate, Git will be in a detached HEAD state, which is unusual, as Git mainly works with branches. In a co-located repository, every jj command will automatically synchronize Jujutsu's view of the repo with Git's view. For example, jj commit updates the HEAD of the Git repository, enabling an incremental migration.

$ nvim docs/tutorial.md
$ # Do some more work.
$ jj commit -m "Update tutorial"
# Create a branch on the working-copy commit's parent
$ jj branch create doc-update -r @-
$ jj git push

Working in a Jujutsu repository

In a Jujutsu repository, the workflow is simplified. If there's no need for explicitly named branches, you can just generate one for a change. As Jujutsu is able to create a branch for a revision.

$ # Do your work
$ jj commit
$ # Push change "mw", letting Jujutsu automatically create a branch called
$ # "push-mwmpwkwknuz"
$ jj git push --change mw

Addressing review comments

There are two workflows for addressing review comments, depending on your project's preference. Many projects prefer that you address comments by adding commits to your branch¹. Some projects (such as Jujutsu and LLVM) instead prefer that you keep your commits clean by rewriting them and then force-pushing².

Adding new commits

If your project prefers that you address review comments by adding commits on top, you can do that by doing something like this:

$ # Create a new commit on top of the `your-feature` branch from above.
$ jj new your-feature
$ # Address the comments by updating the code. Then review the changes.
$ jj diff
$ # Give the fix a description and create a new working-copy on top.
$ jj commit -m 'address pr comments'
$ # Update the branch to point to the new commit.
$ jj branch set your-feature -r @-
$ # Push it to your remote
$ jj git push

Notably, the above workflow creates a new commit for you. The same can be achieved without creating a new commit.

Warning

We strongly suggest to jj new after the example below, as all further edits still get amended to the previous commit.

$ # Create a new commit on top of the `your-feature` branch from above.
$ jj new your-feature
$ # Address the comments by updating the code. Then review the changes.
$ jj diff
$ # Give the fix a description.
$ jj describe -m 'address pr comments'
$ # Update the branch to point to the current commit.
$ jj branch set your-feature -r @
$ # Push it to your remote
$ jj git push

Rewriting commits

If your project prefers that you keep commits clean, you can do that by doing something like this:

$ # Create a new commit on top of the second-to-last commit in `your-feature`,
$ # as reviewers requested a fix there.
$ jj new your-feature- # NOTE: the trailing hyphen is not a typo!
$ # Address the comments by updating the code. Then review the changes.
$ jj diff
$ # Squash the changes into the parent commit
$ jj squash
$ # Push the updated branch to the remote. Jujutsu automatically makes it a
$ # force push
$ jj git push --branch your-feature

The hyphen after your-feature comes from the revset syntax.

Working with other people's branches

By default, jj git clone imports the default remote branch (which is usually main or master), but jj git fetch doesn't import new remote branches to local branches. This means that if you want to iterate or test another contributor's branch, you'll need to do jj new <branch>@<remote> onto it.

If you want to import all remote branches including inactive ones, set git.auto-local-branch = true in the config file. Then you can specify a contributor's branch as jj new <branch> instead of jj new <branch>@<remote>.

You can find more information on that setting here.

Using GitHub CLI

GitHub CLI will have trouble finding the proper Git repository path in jj repos that aren't co-located (see issue #1008). You can configure the $GIT_DIR environment variable to point it to the right path:

$ GIT_DIR=.jj/repo/store/git gh issue list

You can make that automatic by installing direnv and defining hooks in a .envrc file in the repository root to configure $GIT_DIR. Just add this line into .envrc:

export GIT_DIR=$PWD/.jj/repo/store/git

and run direnv allow to approve it for direnv to run. Then GitHub CLI will work automatically even in repos that aren't co-located so you can execute commands like gh issue list normally.

Useful Revsets

Log all revisions across all local branches that aren't on the main branch nor on any remote:

$ jj log -r 'branches() & ~(main | remote_branches())'

Log all revisions that you authored, across all branches that aren't on any remote:

$ jj log -r 'mine() & branches() & ~remote_branches()'

Log all remote branches that you authored or committed to:

$ jj log -r 'remote_branches() & (mine() | committer(your@email.com))'

Log all descendants of the current working copy that aren't on any remote:

$ jj log -r '::@ & ~remote_branches()'

Merge conflicts

For a detailed overview, how Jujutsu handles conflicts, revisit the tutorial.

Using several remotes

It is common to use several remotes when contributing to a shared repository. For example, "upstream" can designate the remote where the changes will be merged through a pull-request while "origin" is your private fork of the project. In this case, you might want to jj git fetch from "upstream" and to jj git push to "origin".

You can configure the default remotes to fetch from and push to in your configuration file (for example .jj/repo/config.toml):

[git]
fetch = "upstream"
push = "origin"

The default for both git.fetch and git.push is "origin".

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1. This is a GitHub-style review, as GitHub currently only is able to compare branches. ↩︎

2. If you're wondering why we prefer clean commits in this project, see e.g. this blog post ↩︎