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98 lines
4.8 KiB
Markdown
98 lines
4.8 KiB
Markdown
# Working copy
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## Introduction
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The working copy is where the current working-copy commit's files are written so
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you can interact with them. It also where files are read from in order to create
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new commits (though there are many other ways of creating new commits).
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Unlike most other VCSs, Jujutsu will automatically create commits from the
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working-copy contents when they have changed. Most `jj` commands you run will
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commit the working-copy changes if they have changed. The resulting revision
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will replace the previous working-copy revision.
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Also unlike most other VCSs, added files are implicitly tracked. That means that
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if you add a new file to the working copy, it will be automatically committed
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once you run e.g. `jj st`. Similarly, if you remove a file from the working
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copy, it will implicitly be untracked. To untrack a file while keeping it in
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the working copy, first make sure it's [ignored](#ignored-files) and then run
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`jj untrack <path>`.
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## Open/closed revisions
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This section only applies if you have set `ui.enable-open-commits = true`
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in your config.
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As described in the introduction, Jujutsu automatically rewrites the current
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working-copy commit with any changes from the working copy. That works well
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while you're developing that revision. On the other hand, if you check out some
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existing revision, you generally don't want changes to the working copy to
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automatically rewrite that revision. Jujutsu has a concept of "open" and
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"closed" revisions to solve this. When you check out a closed revision, Jujutsu
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will actually create a new, *open* revision on top of it and check that out. The
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working-copy commit is thus always open. When you are done making changes to
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the current working-copy commit, you close it by running `jj close`. That
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command then updates to the rewritten revision (as most `jj` commands do), and
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since the rewritten revision is now closed, it creates a new open revision on
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top. If you check out a closed revision and make changes on top of it that you
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want to go into the revision, use `jj squash`.
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## Conflicts
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When you check out a commit with conflicts, those conflicts need to be
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represented in the working copy somehow. However, the file system doesn't
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understand conflicts. Jujutsu's solution is to add conflict markers to
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conflicted files when it writes them to the working copy. It also keeps track of
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the (typically 3) different parts involved in the conflict. Whenever it scans
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the working copy thereafter, it parses the conflict markers and recreates the
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conflict state from them. You can resolve conflicts by replacing the conflict
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markers by the resolved text. You don't need to resolve all conflicts at once.
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You can even resolve part of a conflict by updating the different parts of the
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conflict marker.
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To resolve conflicts in a commit, use `jj new <commit>` to create a working-copy
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commit on top. You would then have the same conflicts in the working-copy
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commit. Once you have resolved the conflicts, you can inspect the conflict
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resolutions with `jj diff`. Then run `jj squash` to move the conflict
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resolutions into the conflicted commit. Alternatively, you can edit the commit
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with conflicts directly in the working copy by using `jj edit <commit>`. The
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main disadvantage of that is that it's harder to inspect the conflict
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resolutions.
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There's not yet a way of resolving conflicts in an external merge tool
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(https://github.com/martinvonz/jj/issues/18). There's also no good way of
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resolving conflicts between directories, files, and symlinks
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(https://github.com/martinvonz/jj/issues/19). You can use `jj restore` to
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choose one side of the conflict, but there's no way to even see where the
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involved parts came from.
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## Ignored files
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You probably don't want build outputs and temporary files to be under version
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control. You can tell Jujutsu to not automatically track certain files by using
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`.gitignore` files (there's no such thing as `.jjignore` yet).
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See https://git-scm.com/docs/gitignore for details about the format.
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`.gitignore` files are supported in any directory in the working copy, as well
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as in `$HOME/.gitignore`. However, `$GIT_DIR/info/exclude` or equivalent way
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(maybe `.jj/gitignore`) of specifying per-clone ignores is not yet supported.
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## Workspaces
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You can have multiple working copies backed by a single repo. Use
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`jj workspace add` to create a new working copy. The working copy will have a
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`.jj/` directory linked to the main repo. The working copy and the `.jj/`
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directory together is called a "workspace". Each workspace can have a different
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commit checked out.
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Having multiple workspaces can be useful for running long-running tests in a one
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while you continue developing in another, for example.
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When you're done using a workspace, use `jj workspace forget` to make the repo
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forget about it. The files can be deleted from disk separately (either before or
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after).
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